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Nuclear Escalation

The most probable way the world could end is a large-scale nuclear war triggered by geopolitical escalation, miscalculation, or accidental launch. By 2026, nuclear risks are heightened by deteriorating great-power relations, regional conflicts involving nuclear-armed states, weakened arms-control agreements, cyber threats to command systems, and the integration of AI into military decision-making. These factors increase the chance that a crisis could spiral beyond control before diplomacy intervenes.

Even a limited nuclear exchange could ignite firestorms, inject soot into the atmosphere, disrupt global agriculture, and cause mass famine. A full-scale exchange could collapse modern civilization, destroy critical infrastructure, and render large regions uninhabitable. Unlike slower threats such as climate change, nuclear war can become global within hours, leaving little time for adaptation or recovery.