Nuclear War

Geopolitical rivalries are intensifying, with major powers modernising their arsenals and reducing diplomatic guardrails. The collapse of arms‑control treaties, combined with cyber‑enabled misinformation and faster decision‑making cycles, raises the chance of miscalculation or accidental escalation. Even a limited regional nuclear exchange could trigger a wider exchange through alliances, leading to global nuclear winter, massive civilian casualties, collapse of supply chains, and the breakdown of governments. While climate change and AI risks are serious, the immediate, irreversible destructive power of nuclear weapons makes an unintended global nuclear war the most probable single event capable of ending modern civilization within the next few decades.